My methodological approach has progressively expanded from qualitative traditions to incorporate quantitative, computational, and participatory methods—now combined to capture the complexity of environmental governance and system transformation.

I ground my work in qualitative research—ethnographic fieldwork, participatory observation, and in-depth interviews—which remains central for revealing lived experiences and local dynamics. Building on this foundation, I integrate quantitative methods such as survey experiments and network analysis to trace governance dynamics across actors, institutions, and scales.

In addition, I employ computational social science methods such as agent-based modeling and data science techniques for analyzing unstructured digital data (e.g., from social media) to capture patterns of transformation in complex social–ecological systems. Alongside this, I develop participatory approaches, including citizen science and human-centered design, to co-produce knowledge with diverse actors and strengthen pluralistic knowledge systems.

These approaches are cumulative rather than sequential: qualitative, quantitative, computational, and participatory methods are combined to generate richer insights and to connect perspectives from below with broader governance processes. Guided by the principle Data Meets People: Research with Purpose, this methodological pluralism advances my commitment to data justice by ensuring that new tools and practices democratize knowledge production and generate actionable insights for transformative change in climate, biodiversity, and social justice.